SidaGhanaV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 000615

Disparate distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in four sub-Saharan African countries

Identifieur interne : 000615 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000614; suivant : 000616

Disparate distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in four sub-Saharan African countries

Auteurs : Joseph C. Forbi [États-Unis] ; Yousr Ben-Ayed [États-Unis] ; Guo-Liang Xia [États-Unis] ; Gilberto Vaughan [États-Unis] ; Jan Drobeniuc [États-Unis] ; William M. Switzer [États-Unis] ; Yury E. Khudyakov [États-Unis]

Source :

Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology [ 1386-6532 ] ; 2013.

RBID : PMC:4591023

Descripteurs français

KwdFr :
- ADN viral (), ADN viral (génétique), Afrique subsaharienne (épidémiologie), Analyse de regroupements, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Antigènes de surface du virus de l'hépatite B (génétique), Données de séquences moléculaires, Femelle, Grossesse, Génotype, Humains, Hépatite B (virologie), Hépatite B (épidémiologie), Mâle, Phylogéographie, Prévalence, Variation génétique, Virus de l'hépatite B (), Virus de l'hépatite B (génétique), Virus de l'hépatite B (isolement et purification), Épidémiologie moléculaire.
MESH :
- génétique : ADN viral, Antigènes de surface du virus de l'hépatite B, Virus de l'hépatite B.
- isolement et purification : Virus de l'hépatite B.
- virologie : Hépatite B.
- épidémiologie : Afrique subsaharienne, Hépatite B.
- ADN viral, Analyse de regroupements, Analyse de séquence d'ADN, Données de séquences moléculaires, Femelle, Grossesse, Génotype, Humains, Mâle, Phylogéographie, Prévalence, Variation génétique, Virus de l'hépatite B, Épidémiologie moléculaire.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Africa South of the Sahara (epidemiology), Cluster Analysis, DNA, Viral (chemistry), DNA, Viral (genetics), Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Hepatitis B (epidemiology), Hepatitis B (virology), Hepatitis B Surface Antigens (genetics), Hepatitis B virus (classification), Hepatitis B virus (genetics), Hepatitis B virus (isolation & purification), Humans, Male, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeography, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Sequence Analysis, DNA.
MESH :
- chemical , chemistry : DNA, Viral.
- geographic , epidemiology : Africa South of the Sahara.
- chemical , genetics : DNA, Viral, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens.
- classification : Hepatitis B virus.
- epidemiology : Hepatitis B.
- genetics : Hepatitis B virus.
- isolation & purification : Hepatitis B virus.
- virology : Hepatitis B.
- Cluster Analysis, Female, Genetic Variation, Genotype, Humans, Male, Molecular Epidemiology, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeography, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Sequence Analysis, DNA.

Abstract

Background

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) places a substantial health burden on Africa. Here, we investigated genetic diversity of HBV variants circulating in 4 countries of sub-Saharan Africa using archived samples. In total, 1492 plasma samples were tested from HIV-infected individuals and pregnant women, among which 143 (9.6%) were PCR-positive for HBV DNA (Côte d’Ivoire, 70/608 [11.5%]; Ghana, 13/444 [2.9%]; Cameroon, 33/303 [10.9%]; and Uganda, 27/137 [19.7%]).

Study design/results

Phylogenetic analysis of the S-gene sequences identified HBV genotypes E (HBV/E, n = 96) and A (HBV/A, n = 47) distributed as follows: 87% of HBV/E and 13% of HBV/A in Côte d’Ivoire; 100% of HBV/E in Ghana; 67% of HBV/E and 33% of HBV/A in Cameroon; and 100% of HBV/A in Uganda. The average and maximal nucleotide distances among HBV/E sequences were 1.9% and 6.4%, respectively, suggesting a greater genetic diversity for this genotype than previously reported (p < 0.001). HBV/A strains were classified into subgenotypes HBV/A1, HBV/A2 and HBV/A3. In Uganda, 93% of HBV/A strains belonged to HBV/A1 whereas HBV/A3 was the only subgenotype of HBV/A found in Cameroon. In Côte d’Ivoire, HBV/A strains were classified as HBV/A1 (11.1%), HBV/A2 (33.3%) and HBV/A3 (55.6%). Phylogeographic analysis of the sequences available from Africa supported earlier suggestions on the origin of HBV/A1, HBV/A2 and HBV/A3 in East, South and West/Central Africa, respectively. Using predicted amino acid sequences, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was classified into serotype ayw4 in 93% of HBV/E strains and adw2 in 68% of HBV/A strains. Also, 7.7% of the sequences carried substitutions in HBsAg associated with immune escape.

Conclusions

The observations of pan-African and global dissemination of HBV/A1 and HBV/A2, and the circulation of HBV/E and HBV/A3 almost exclusively in West and Central Africa suggest a more recent increase in prevalence in Africa of HBV/E and HBV/A3 compared to HBV/A1 and HBV/A2. The broad genetic heterogeneity of HBsAg detected here may impact the efficacy of prevention and control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa.

Url:

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4591023

DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2013.06.028
PubMed: 23871163
PubMed Central: 4591023

Affiliations:

Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec id="S1"><title>Background</title>
<p id="P1">Hepatitis B virus (HBV) places a substantial health burden on Africa. Here, we investigated genetic diversity of HBV variants circulating in 4 countries of sub-Saharan Africa using archived samples. In total, 1492 plasma samples were tested from HIV-infected individuals and pregnant women, among which 143 (9.6%) were PCR-positive for HBV DNA (Côte d’Ivoire, 70/608 [11.5%]; Ghana, 13/444 [2.9%]; Cameroon, 33/303 [10.9%]; and Uganda, 27/137 [19.7%]).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S2"><title>Study design/results</title>
<p id="P2">Phylogenetic analysis of the <italic>S</italic>
-gene sequences identified HBV genotypes E (HBV/E, <italic>n</italic>
 = 96) and A (HBV/A, <italic>n</italic>
 = 47) distributed as follows: 87% of HBV/E and 13% of HBV/A in Côte d’Ivoire; 100% of HBV/E in Ghana; 67% of HBV/E and 33% of HBV/A in Cameroon; and 100% of HBV/A in Uganda. The average and maximal nucleotide distances among HBV/E sequences were 1.9% and 6.4%, respectively, suggesting a greater genetic diversity for this genotype than previously reported (<italic>p</italic>
 < 0.001). HBV/A strains were classified into subgenotypes HBV/A1, HBV/A2 and HBV/A3. In Uganda, 93% of HBV/A strains belonged to HBV/A1 whereas HBV/A3 was the only subgenotype of HBV/A found in Cameroon. In Côte d’Ivoire, HBV/A strains were classified as HBV/A1 (11.1%), HBV/A2 (33.3%) and HBV/A3 (55.6%). Phylogeographic analysis of the sequences available from Africa supported earlier suggestions on the origin of HBV/A1, HBV/A2 and HBV/A3 in East, South and West/Central Africa, respectively. Using predicted amino acid sequences, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was classified into serotype <italic>ayw4</italic>
 in 93% of HBV/E strains and <italic>adw2</italic>
 in 68% of HBV/A strains. Also, 7.7% of the sequences carried substitutions in HBsAg associated with immune escape.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="S3"><title>Conclusions</title>
<p id="P3">The observations of pan-African and global dissemination of HBV/A1 and HBV/A2, and the circulation of HBV/E and HBV/A3 almost exclusively in West and Central Africa suggest a more recent increase in prevalence in Africa of HBV/E and HBV/A3 compared to HBV/A1 and HBV/A2. The broad genetic heterogeneity of HBsAg detected here may impact the efficacy of prevention and control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>
</sec>
</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>États-Unis</li>
</country>
<region><li>Géorgie (États-Unis)</li>
</region>
</list>
<tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Géorgie (États-Unis)"><name sortKey="Forbi, Joseph C" sort="Forbi, Joseph C" uniqKey="Forbi J" first="Joseph C." last="Forbi">Joseph C. Forbi</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Ben Ayed, Yousr" sort="Ben Ayed, Yousr" uniqKey="Ben Ayed Y" first="Yousr" last="Ben-Ayed">Yousr Ben-Ayed</name>
<name sortKey="Drobeniuc, Jan" sort="Drobeniuc, Jan" uniqKey="Drobeniuc J" first="Jan" last="Drobeniuc">Jan Drobeniuc</name>
<name sortKey="Khudyakov, Yury E" sort="Khudyakov, Yury E" uniqKey="Khudyakov Y" first="Yury E." last="Khudyakov">Yury E. Khudyakov</name>
<name sortKey="Switzer, William M" sort="Switzer, William M" uniqKey="Switzer W" first="William M." last="Switzer">William M. Switzer</name>
<name sortKey="Vaughan, Gilberto" sort="Vaughan, Gilberto" uniqKey="Vaughan G" first="Gilberto" last="Vaughan">Gilberto Vaughan</name>
<name sortKey="Xia, Guo Liang" sort="Xia, Guo Liang" uniqKey="Xia G" first="Guo-Liang" last="Xia">Guo-Liang Xia</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Le SIDA au Ghana (serveur d'exploration)

Disparate distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in four sub-Saharan African countries

Disparate distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in four sub-Saharan African countries

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	Le SIDA au Ghana (serveur d'exploration)
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